➕ Sum of Squares Calculator
Calculate the sum of squares for your data set — the total squared deviation from the mean, a key building block for variance, standard deviation, and ANOVA.
What sum of squares measures
Sum of squares is the total of each data point’s squared distance from the mean. It’s a core building block of many statistical measures, including variance, standard deviation, and the sums of squares used in ANOVA and regression analysis.
How this calculator works
Enter your data values (leave the extra slots at zero or clear them if you have fewer than eight values). The calculator finds the mean of your entered values, subtracts it from each value, squares each difference, and adds them all up to give the sum of squares. It also reports the raw sum of squared values (without subtracting the mean first) for reference.
Dividing the sum of squares by N gives population variance, while dividing by N-1 gives sample variance — use a dedicated variance calculator if you need that next step. Provided for general educational purposes.