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🪨 Porosity and Permeability Calculator

Enter the bulk volume, void (pore) volume, and average grain diameter of a porous sample to estimate its porosity and permeability.

cm³
cm³
mm

What This Calculator Does

This tool calculates the porosity of a porous material (like soil, sand, or rock) from its bulk and void volumes, and gives a rough permeability estimate based on porosity and average grain size using the Kozeny-Carman equation.

The Formula

Porosity is the simple ratio φ = Vvoid ÷ Vbulk, expressed as a percentage. Permeability is estimated using the Kozeny-Carman relation, k = (d² × φ³) ÷ (180 × (1−φ)²), where d is the average grain diameter. This gives permeability in square meters, commonly converted to darcys (1 darcy ≈ 9.869 × 10⁻¹³ m²) for practical use.

  • The Kozeny-Carman equation assumes a packed bed of roughly uniform, spherical grains and is an approximation, not an exact measurement.
  • Actual permeability from lab testing (e.g. a permeameter) can differ significantly due to grain shape, sorting, and cementation.

This uses standard porosity and Kozeny-Carman relationships for general geotechnical and educational reference; use direct lab measurement for engineering-critical work.

Last reviewed August 2026