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Photoelectric Effect Calculator

Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons ejected from a metal surface, based on Einstein’s photoelectric effect equation.

nm
eV

What the photoelectric effect is

The photoelectric effect occurs when light shining on a material ejects electrons from its surface, but only if the light’s photon energy exceeds the material’s work function — the minimum energy needed to free an electron.

The formula

Photon energy E = hc/λ, where h is Planck’s constant, c is the speed of light, and λ is the light’s wavelength. Maximum photoelectron kinetic energy is KEmax = E − φ, where φ is the material’s work function. If photon energy is less than the work function, no electrons are emitted regardless of light intensity, a key discovery that helped establish quantum theory.

This calculator is intended for general physics education and reference.

Last reviewed August 2026