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📊 Phillips Curve Calculator

Estimate inflation using the expectations-augmented Phillips Curve, which links inflation to the gap between actual and natural unemployment.

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What the Phillips Curve shows

The Phillips Curve describes an observed inverse relationship between unemployment and inflation: when unemployment falls below its natural rate, inflation tends to rise, and when unemployment rises above its natural rate, inflation tends to fall. The expectations-augmented version adds people’s inflation expectations to the model.

The formula

This calculator uses the standard expectations-augmented Phillips Curve: Inflation = Expected Inflation – beta × (Actual Unemployment – Natural Unemployment) + Supply Shock. Beta is a sensitivity coefficient describing how strongly inflation reacts to the unemployment gap, and the optional supply shock term captures one-off cost pressures like energy price spikes.

Real-world inflation depends on many additional factors, and the sensitivity coefficient varies across countries and time periods, so treat results as an educational approximation rather than a precise forecast. This tool is for general economics learning and planning only.

Last reviewed August 2026