💥 Muzzle Velocity Calculator

What this calculator finds

Muzzle velocity is the speed a projectile has as it leaves the barrel. If you know a projectile’s weight and its muzzle energy (often published by ammunition manufacturers or measured with a chronograph energy reading), you can work backward to find its velocity.

The formula

This calculator rearranges the classic kinetic energy formula, E = ½mv², to solve for velocity: v = √(2E / m). Weight in grains is converted to kilograms (1 grain = 6.479891 × 10⁻⁵ kg) and energy in foot-pounds is converted to joules (1 ft-lb = 1.3558179483 J) before the calculation, and the resulting velocity in meters per second is converted back to feet per second for the main result.

This is a standard physics relationship assuming no energy losses; measured muzzle velocities from a chronograph are generally the more direct and accurate source when available. This tool is for general educational and reference use.