Magnetic Dipole Moment Calculator

Magnetic Dipole Moment of a Current Loop

A loop of wire carrying current behaves like a tiny bar magnet, characterized by its magnetic dipole moment: m = NIA, where N is the number of turns, I is the current, and A is the area enclosed by the loop.

This dipole moment determines both the torque the loop experiences in an external magnetic field (τ = m × B) and the strength of the magnetic field the loop itself produces at a distance. Increasing any of the three factors — more turns, more current, or a larger loop — proportionally increases the dipole moment, which is the basic operating principle behind electromagnets, motors, and galvanometers.